Unilateral Perinephric Pseudocyst in a Young British Shorthair Cat: Diagnostic Imaging and Surgical Outcome

Abstract

This case report describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, histopathological findings, and surgical management of a 2-year-old spayed female British Shorthair cat with a unilateral left-sided perinephric pseudocyst. The cat presented with lethargy, anorexia, weight loss, and progressive abdominal distension. Clinical examination revealed a palpable abdominal mass, which was confirmed as a perinephric pseudocyst via ultrasonography and radiography. Surgical intervention involved capsulectomy and nephrectomy, with histopathological confirmation of the diagnosis. The cat initially recovered but developed similar symptoms 54 days postoperatively, with ultrasonographic evidence of cystic structures in the contralateral kidney, necessitating a capsulectomy. Despite initial stabilization, the cat progressed to stage II renal failure 73 days postoperatively and succumbed to the disease. This case highlights that perinephric pseudocyst, although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of young cats presenting with abdominal distension and renomegaly. Notably, biochemical markers of renal pathology may remain within normal limits, underscoring the importance of ultrasonography and histopathology for accurate diagnosis. Although surgical intervention can alleviate symptoms, long-term prognosis remains guarded due to potential recurrence and progressive renal dysfunction. Further studies are needed to explore potential genetic predisposition in British Shorthair cats.